Del grau, del màster i d’empleabilitat

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Foto: CC-BY Tom Hannigan https://flic.kr/p/nRDKyv

He trobat força interessant l’entrada de @FastCompany titulada How The Master’s Degree Became The New Bachelor’s In The Hiring World, on s’hi comenta una enquesta sobre l’empleabilitat als Estats Units i a UK. És una mica una successió d’idees, a vegades antagòniques, sobre l’entrada al món laboral per part de les persones amb educació superior. Per exemple, que tenir un màster és cada cop més important:

27% are recruiting those who hold master’s degrees for positions that used to only require four-year degrees, and 37% are hiring college grads for positions that had been primarily held by those with high school diplomas.

Pel que fa al salari…

high school graduates earn about 62% of what those with four-year degrees earn. That’s evolved since 1979, when people with only high school educations earned 77% of what college graduates made.

Però no es tracta pas tant d’entrar al món laboral, sinó d’anar-hi promocionant:

Employers told CareerBuilder that higher education not only increases an applicant’s chance of getting hired, but it helps boost the chance they’ll be promoted down the road. Thirty-six percent of employers reported that they would be unlikely to promote someone who doesn’t have a college degree.That’s because employers have seen education make a positive impact across the board, from employees’ ability to produce better quality work, to productivity and the ability to boost customer loyalty.

Però també les empreses poden oferir formació complementària perquè els seus nous treballadors tinguin les compètències que els cal:

some companies are taking responsibility to bridge the skills gap and overcome the talent shortage. Over a third of employers (35%) said they trained low-skill workers and hired them for high-skill jobs in 2015, and 33% said they’ll do the same this year. A full 64% of employers said they plan to hire people who have the majority of skills they require and provide training for the rest. They’ll do this by paying for training and certifications offered outside the company or sending them back to school. Twenty-three percent said they would fund an advanced degree partially, and 12% would foot the entire bill.

Per raons de procència social i per la inflació de qualificacions, les coses canvien… fora restriccion de títols, perquè…

it would no longer consider certain exams when vetting new recruits because that excluded candidates from disadvantaged backgrounds.
EY’s U.K. office got rid of grade requirements because an internal study found that academic success didn’t correlate with job performance

Si tenir un màster és important per a l’empleabilitat, llavors cal que tothom el pugui completar a preus públics. Com diu en Jacques Delors, hi ha un tresor a dins de l’Educació, i cal que poguem obrir el cofre d’aquest tresor, afavorint que tothom el pugui obrir.

Tal com diu l’article de Fast Company i veiem cada dia, hi ha una substitució de feines “low skill”, per feines “high skill”. No sé com serà el món laboral d’aquí uns anys, ni sé què significarà en el marc de la “Societat del Coneixement”. Però segur que l’educació superior hi tindrà un paper clau.

En definitiva, que les coses estan canviant. Per un cantó, no cal tenir títol universitari per accedir a feines qualificades. I per un altre, és ben vigent la dita “el saber no ocupa lloc”.

O potser és que sempre ha estat així. Seguirà el debat.